A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules contiguously partnered chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an indispensable micronutrient which an organism needs in little quantities for the proper functioning of its metabolism. vital nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at every or not in enough quantities, and in view of that must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. The term vitamin does not total the three other groups of critical nutrients: minerals, indispensable fatty acids, and essential amino acids. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of similar molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as well as all-trans-beta-carotene and other provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic sour or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).
Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue accumulation and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, amendable mineral metabolism for bones and supplementary organs. The B technical vitamins exploit as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E work as antioxidants. Both deficient and excess intake of a vitamin can potentially cause clinically significant illness, although excess intake of water-soluble vitamins is less likely to get so.
Before 1935, the lonesome source of vitamins was from food. If intake of vitamins was lacking, the outcome was vitamin nonexistence and consequent deficiency diseases. Then, commercially produced tablets of yeast-extract vitamin B perplexing and semi-synthetic vitamin C became available.
This was followed in the 1950s by the addition production and promotion of vitamin supplements, including multivitamins, to prevent vitamin deficiencies in the general population. Governments mandated auxiliary of vitamins to staple foods such as flour or milk, referred to as food fortification, to prevent deficiencies. Recommendations for folic sour supplementation during pregnancy reduced risk of infant neural tube defects.
The term vitamin is derived from the word vitamine, which was coined in 1912 by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk, who lonesome a highbrow of micronutrients essential to life, all of which he presumed to be amines. when this presumption was cutting edge certain not to be true, the "e" was dropped from the name. all vitamins were discovered (identified) with 1913 and 1948.
23 best Vitamin d at pickvitamin.com images on Pinterest Vitamin d, D1 and Electric power
Medical Jars Supply Stock Photos, Medical Jars Supply Stock Photography, Medical Jars Supply
No comments:
Post a Comment