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A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules next door to combined chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an indispensable micronutrient which an organism needs in small quantities for the proper lively of its metabolism. critical nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at every or not in ample quantities, and for that reason must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. The term vitamin does not increase the three new groups of indispensable nutrients: minerals, critical fatty acids, and valuable amino acids. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of joined molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as skillfully as all-trans-beta-carotene and extra provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic barbed or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).

Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue mass and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, adaptable mineral metabolism for bones and additional organs. The B obscure vitamins feign as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E ham it up as antioxidants. Both deficient and excess intake of a vitamin can potentially cause clinically significant illness, although excess intake of water-soluble vitamins is less likely to accomplish so.

Before 1935, the abandoned source of vitamins was from food. If intake of vitamins was lacking, the upshot was vitamin dearth and consequent deficiency diseases. Then, commercially produced tablets of yeast-extract vitamin B perplexing and semi-synthetic vitamin C became available.

This was followed in the 1950s by the accumulation production and publicity of vitamin supplements, including multivitamins, to prevent vitamin deficiencies in the general population. Governments mandated adjunct of vitamins to staple foods such as flour or milk, referred to as food fortification, to prevent deficiencies. Recommendations for folic critical supplementation during pregnancy reduced risk of infant neural tube defects.

The term vitamin is derived from the word vitamine, which was coined in 1912 by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk, who lonesome a rarefied of micronutrients vital to life, all of which he presumed to be amines. with this presumption was well along sure not to be true, the "e" was dropped from the name. every vitamins were discovered (identified) amongst 1913 and 1948.

Vitamin D3 Softgels 400 IU (Cholecalciferol) By Solgar - 250 Count