home care health: Vitamin D 4 - 4 Symptoms of a Vitamin D Deficiency

A vitamin is an organic molecule (or a set of molecules next door to partnered chemically, i.e. vitamers) that is an valuable micronutrient which an organism needs in little quantities for the proper operating of its metabolism. necessary nutrients cannot be synthesized in the organism, either at all or not in ample quantities, and so must be obtained through the diet. Vitamin C can be synthesized by some species but not by others; it is not a vitamin in the first instance but is in the second. The term vitamin does not combine the three further groups of vital nutrients: minerals, critical fatty acids, and critical amino acids. Most vitamins are not single molecules, but groups of connected molecules called vitamers. For example, there are eight vitamers of vitamin E: four tocopherols and four tocotrienols. Some sources list fourteen vitamins, by including choline, but major health organizations list thirteen: vitamin A (as all-trans-retinol, all-trans-retinyl-esters, as capably as all-trans-beta-carotene and extra provitamin A carotenoids), vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin B2 (riboflavin), vitamin B3 (niacin), vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B9 (folic barbed or folate), vitamin B12 (cobalamins), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin D (calciferols), vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols), and vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones).

Vitamins have diverse biochemical functions. Vitamin A acts as a regulator of cell and tissue bump and differentiation. Vitamin D provides a hormone-like function, modifiable mineral metabolism for bones and further organs. The B puzzling vitamins behave as enzyme cofactors (coenzymes) or the precursors for them. Vitamins C and E perform as antioxidants. Both deficient and excess intake of a vitamin can potentially cause clinically significant illness, although excess intake of water-soluble vitamins is less likely to accomplish so.

Before 1935, the unaided source of vitamins was from food. If intake of vitamins was lacking, the result was vitamin dearth and consequent deficiency diseases. Then, commercially produced tablets of yeast-extract vitamin B perplexing and semi-synthetic vitamin C became available.

This was followed in the 1950s by the layer production and publicity of vitamin supplements, including multivitamins, to prevent vitamin deficiencies in the general population. Governments mandated complement of vitamins to staple foods such as flour or milk, referred to as food fortification, to prevent deficiencies. Recommendations for folic bitter supplementation during pregnancy edited risk of infant neural tube defects.

The term vitamin is derived from the word vitamine, which was coined in 1912 by Polish biochemist Casimir Funk, who unaccompanied a complex of micronutrients vital to life, every of which he presumed to be amines. taking into consideration this presumption was future clear not to be true, the "e" was dropped from the name. all vitamins were discovered (identified) between 1913 and 1948.

Biotin-[d4] - IsoSciences